Pertussis, also known as whooping cough, is making a comeback that no one asked for.

Thats a fivefold increase from the tally recorded in 2023, which only saw around 6,500 cases.

There are several factors to blame for the surge, experts say, including declining vaccination rates.

A 3D illustration of pertussis bacteria.

A 3D illustration of pertussis bacteria.© Dan Higgins/Science Photo Library via Getty

Pertussisis resulting from the bacteriumBordetellapertussis.

Since 2000, the U.S. has had tens of thousands of annually reported pertussis cases.

That said, this years tally is unusually high for modern times.

ealth and Human Services Secretary Robert F. Kennedy Jr. speaks at a news conference at the Health and Human Services Department on April 22, 2025 in Washington, DC.

Its the highest number of cases seen since 2014, when there were 32,971 cases.

Another important factor concerns the vaccine itself.

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