In 1901, sponge divers discovered an ancient shipwreck off the coast of the Greek island of Antikythera.

Among the recovered materials,a corroded lump of metalcaught the eye of archaeologist Valerios Stais.

Today, modern gears use aninvolute tooth profile.

Fragments of the Antikythera Mechanism at the National Archaeological Museum of Athens.

Fragments of the Antikythera Mechanism at the National Archaeological Museum of Athens.© Zde, CC BY-SA 4.0 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0, via Wikimedia Commons

Second, the inevitable inaccuracies in gear manufacturing can also generate errors.

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